Tattoo Design Considerations…
What makes a good tattoo? Really…
Ultimately it comes down to what you, the client, wants; but… there
are some over-riding fundamental design issues that make for a
readable, legible, sharp, long-lasting tattoo which contains that
magical and artful “WOW” factor.
- Contrast of value (light vs dark)
- Contrast of line (thin vs thick)
- Contrast of color (opposites on color wheel)
- Contrast of Positive/Negative Space
- Contrast of Texture (smooth vs rough)
- Placement and Flow of tattoo on body (fit on body)
- Proportion (size, weight, area, style)
- Lost and Found edges
- Strong negative space
- Technique and/or tattooing experience (time spent tattooing, ability)
- Excellent tools and materials (inks, machines, needles, tubes, power supplies)
- Size of Tattoo (Small Tattoos ain’t cute!)
The previous list of design elements does not have to be contained in
one tattoo nor is it an exhaustive list. A great tattoo can be created
using only one or two of the design principles above. However, a good
tattoo will generally contain many, if not most, of the tattoo design
principles outlined above…
A good tattoo will be understood, read, and readable across the room,
across the street and through time. To achieve that end the tattoo has
to be designed such that the tattoo is recognized for what it is at a
distance. You know a good tribal design when you see it across the
street. Simple bold lines/shapes which fit the area of the body it
lives on. (Tattoos are part of a living organism, they are alive and
constantly changing just like your body is changing.) You “know” a
good dragon design across the street for the same reasons…
A tattoo design that is TOO busy will be unreadable across the room.
(It may be unreadable from two feet for that matter.) Too much detail
with too little contrast within any area will read as a crappy tattoo.
If you have to stop and ask yourself; “What is that?”, you’ve been
informed at a deep deep level just how poorly that particular tattoo
was conceived and executed.
A tattoo of small fine lines spaced closely together will eventually
become an unrecognizable amorphous blob. Bold lines, bold
transitioning areas of dark to light or contrasting areas of
dark/light, complimentary colors, complimentary texture, caligraphied
lines and negative/positive space will all help to improve the
readability of the tattoo design.
A tattoo of muted pastels may look great the day of the tattoo when the
color and contrast appear brighter due to skin trauma, plasma and blood
mixed with the ink. But… one year later that tattoo will be a mess
of unrelated, marginalized and faded areas of zero contrast and be
completely unreadable… The simple use of pastels ONLY… lacks enough
contrast to read independently from skin tone. The whitest skin is one
value brighter than medium grey, therefore MOST skin is nearer the
middle of the white-black spectrum. Compare that grey, (yes if you
photograph skin in black and white; skin is grey), to a sheet of white
paper or canvas. You may be surprised. As tattoo artists we have a
shorter value range to work with and therefore greater contrast of all
design elements is necessary to execute a good tattoo design in the
skin. (If you want to call attention to the tattoo and… while it
ain’t necessarily ALWAYS about attention, it’s generally the point.)
People often deride traditional Flash tattoos as simple when the only
thing simple about traditional American Flash is the elegance of design
and the ability of that flash to be read as well designed tattoos
today, tomorrow and forty years from now. (That said; Not all flash is
good flash… Consult with an artist who knows…)
Portraiture: To do ANY illustrative or photo-realistic work on the
body generally requires an INCREASE in contrast, (especially most
candid photos), and that generally means more and darker black, purple,
green, brown and/or blue in strategically placed areas of the design.
Not all photos or illustrations are good or great in terms of their
execution or design… If you want to know if a design is tattooable,
call me, set up an appointment, email me your ideas and come to your
consultation with an open mind… Tattooing is an art form. Good
tattoo artists recognize good tattoo design principles and can
articulate how those principles work in your design… (Or,
conversely, a good artist will let you know what design principles are
lacking in your design… Ask!)
Balancing elements of a design is a talent for some folks and takes
work and experience for others. All of us have something to learn and
any design can be improved with enough time and money. Positive and
negative space are one of the most interesting challenges in any
artwork, especially any work being executed on the body. EQUAL
AMOUNTS of positive and negative space, light and dark (which is VERY
much different than pos/neg space), line style, color contrast, size of
design elements, and texture will create a VERY BORING tattoo. A good
design needs an imbalance of pos/neg, light/dark, diffuse/sharp,
texture/smooth, line weight and color contrast to generate a confident,
readable and well executed tattoo.
Non-Traditional tattoos may not be good tattoos in terms of design, but
your tattoo may be about something other than design, readability,
sustainability and longevity. You may want your tattoo because it
means something special to you. Does that make it a bad tattoo? Well,
it makes it your tattoo and that’s fine. It may not be a design I want
to execute or that I want attributed to me. In that case I’ll let you
know and… pass you along to someone who will be delighted to render
your design. Cause… I believe the customer is always right in their
desires, needs and wants; except when it comes to a choice I’m going to
pass on, and then: they’re still right; they’ll just have their tattoo
rendered by another artist. Then… we’re all happy.
Small intricate tattoos can look stunning beside that dime your artist
photographed it next to. Wait till next year and after the ink bleeds
it’s normal amount of distance through the skin and what you have is…
THE BLOB. Congratulations, you’ve just made the “It ain’t cute.”
tattoo choice of every girl who wants their first tattoo. Notice that
wasn’t; “Ain’t it cute?” There’s a reason for that… Trust me, get a
BIGGER tattoo; you’ll be MUCH happier. Really… Or, I’ll be happy to
cover that blob you got back in the day, give you something to be proud
to wear.
Ink spreads under the skin. Ink spreads under the skin. ALL ink
spreads under the skin. Have I stated that enough? Good. That means
ANY line will be wider over time. Fuzzier too. It’s inevitable.
That’s the purpose in bold wide lines in tattooing. They look very
much the same after ten, twenty or thirty years… so… your tattoo
looks good a generation from now. Make sense? Any questions?
Apprentice tattoos are SHITTY tattoos. (That’s WORSE than crappy by
the way.) It’s the nature of the level of skill and it matters NOT the
talent of the artist. The apprentice tattoo will have to be repaired
at a later date. If you’re lucky your apprentice will inform you of
the consequences of apprentice tattooing. See, with minimal skill you
get marginal tattoos AT BEST. Let me reiterate that last point:
MARGINAL TATTOOS… AT BEST… PERIOD. That stated, a great talent
near the END of an apprenticeship under a great teacher MAY be able to
give you something good, BUT… needle in a haystack… I’m just
sayin’…
The worst thing about apprentice tattoos is line work, coloring,
shading, placement, time management, lack of experience and general
attitude that the apprentice can do anything before they’re ready and
without guidance or instruction. (Basically everything…) On the
other hand… you may like shitty tattoos and in that case an
apprentice who’s in the first year of their apprenticeship would be a
perfect choice. Ya gets what ya pays for…
Good ink is an absolute necessity for a good tattoo. Even crappy black
ink will produce poor results. When we throw color into the mix it
gets even more interesting. So, how do you know your artist is using
good ink? You don’t. Ask the artist how they arrived at their current
choice of inks. How long have they been tattooing? Who trained them
as tattoo artists? How rigorous was the training? What do they do as
an artist to improve their tattoo technique?
Good equipment will make it easier for a good tattoo artist to do their
job of tattooing you. A good artist can use almost any piece of crap
tattoo machine and create a great tattoo. It takes more effort, but it
can be done.
I prefer great equipment, well manufactured, well tuned.
I like well made tools and I’m constantly searching for and building
better tools/equipment.
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